Haga click en el siguiente enlace para leer está página en Español: Reserva Forestal Río Macho Costa Rica

Location: between Tapanti and Chirripo National Parks, in Cartago province.
La Auxiliadora Sector GPS coordinates: 9.567953,-83.736736 (9°34’04.63″N, 83°44’12.25″W)
Size: 69,604ha (171,922 acres)
Altitude: from 2000m up to 3000m.
Pacific La Amistad Conservation Area (ACLA-P) Telephone: +506 2771-4836 / +506 2771-3155
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Central Park, San Jose, Costa Rica TO Piedra Alta, Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Rio Macho Forest Reserve Costa Rica: created on January 23rd, 1964 to protect forested areas in the southern Talamanca Mountain region near Tapanti National Park and Chirripo National Park. Is Costa Rica’s largest protected area, composed of 13 different units for a total of over 200,000 acres, which is also part of the La Amistad Biosphere designated by UNESCO, where is located the Villa Mills Experimental Biological Station, at the premises formerly occupied by the CATIE.

Rio Macho Forest Reserve in conjunction with other Protected Areas like Chirripó National Park and Tapantí National Park, form the largest latitudinal biological corridor of the country where there are as many mountain high forests, moors, bogs, cloud forests and fauna associated with these ecosystems, much of it endangered.

Thanks to its three different life zones blended together: Premontane Rain forest, Low montane rain forest and montane rain forest, is the natural habitat to an immense variety of animals such as tapir (Tapirus bairdii), puma (Puma concolor), jaguar (Panthera onca), collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), wild rabbits (Sylvilagus dicei), squirrels (Sciurus sp.) mice bats, etc. Similarly, visitors can find some salamanders of the Bolitoglossa and Oedipina genus and frogs of the Hylidae, Leptodactylidae, Ranidae Centrolenidae families, amongst Caecilidae family, lizards such as the common lizard (Sceloporus malachiticus) and the caiman lizard (Mesaspis monticola); of snakes can appoint the Godman’s pit viper (Cerrophidion goodmani), the Side-striped palm viper (Bothriechis side) and some non-poisonous.

In birds, one of the most representative of the highlands is the Resplendent Quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno) who lives here year round, as well as other species such as the Black-faced Solitaire (Myadestes melanops), the Sooty Robin or Sooty Thrush (Turdus nigrescens), the Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus), the Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis), the Black-billed Nightingale-thrush (Catharus gracilirostris), the Sooty-capped Bush-Tanager (Chlorospingus pileatus), the Collared Redstart (Myioborus torquatus), the Blue-and-white Swallow (Pygochelidon cyanoleuca), the Golden-browed Chlorophonia (Chlorophonia Callophrys) ,trogons, hummingbirds, woodpeckers, the unique silky flycatcher and the peg-billed finch, all of which are endemic, found only in this part of the world.

Some of the plant species include oaks, the cipresillo (querquis costaricensis), mountain needle and blueberry, all endemic to this area. Also, visitors can find hundreds of species of bromeliads, lichen moss, ferns and a multitude of orchids and colorful flowers such as “guesneracias”. These forests are also characterized by a high incidence of epiphytic plants. The wild avocados, cedrillos and wild blackberries found in the area are one of the main sources of food for the Resplendent Quetzal, besides the oak forest and trees contribute highly to clean the air, though the fixation and storage of carbon and liberation of oxygen.

This is also an area of rivers, where the Savegre River plays a very important role, as host of a large population of Rainbow Trouts (Salmo gairdneri) and a supply of potable water through rural aqueducts.

Temperatures range from 0°C to 17°C, being January the coldest month, with minimum temperatures below zero and highs around 20°C, and the hottest month is April. The dry season lasts from December to April, being February and March the driest months. The rainy season lasts from May to November with September and October as the wettest. The average annual rainfall is around 2000mm.

Other nearby Costa Rica National Parks includes the Tapanti National Park, Chirripo National Park, Cerro Las Vueltas Biological Reserve, Los Quetzales National Park (Former Los Santos Forest Reserve), Cataratas Cerro Redondo Wildlife Refuge and Paramo Wildlife Refuge. There are no public park facilities at this wildlife refuge.

Getting to Rio Macho Forest Reserve:

Take the road from San Jose to Cartago, and take the exit for the Cerro de la Muerte, the Inter-American Highway, and at La Auxiliadora Sector, at Kilometer 92, where the community of Villa Mills is, turn left on an unpaved road leads to the community of Piedra Alta and Alto del Jaular. The Biological Station is at 1.8 km from the entrance. You can enter all types of vehicles throughout the year, with a distance of travel from San Jose of 2 hours, and one hour from San Isidro de Perez Zeledon.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – San Isidro de El General – Perez Zeledon which takes about 2 hours, making the stop at Villa Mills (MUSOC, Phone: +506 2222-2422 / TRACOPA, Phone: +506 2222-26-66). From here you can take taxi to Rio Macho Forest Reserve.

Haga click en el siguiente enlace para leer está página en Español: Refugio de Vida Silvestre Steve Friedman Costa Rica

Steve Friedman Wildlife Refuge Costa Rica: created on April 30th, 1997, to protect forested areas and part of the moors in the high elevations of the Talamanca Mountain region. The park is located just between the Los Santos Forest Reserve (now Los Quetzales National Park) and Tapanti National Park in Cartago province, near the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica.

Because of its location in the area of Los Santos its biodiversity is very similar that the one you can find in Cerro Las Vueltas Biological Reserve and Los Quetzales National Park (Former Los Santos Forest Reserve). It has tropical wet forest, transition to montane, rainy montane and lower rainy montane, with a very wealthy flora and fauna, where oaks and cypress are abundant and bird watching is the greatest attraction.

Other nearby Costa Rica National Parks includes the Cerro Las Vueltas Biological Reserve and Los Quetzales National Park (Former Los Santos Forest Reserve), Tapanti National Park and Chirripo National Park. There are no public park facilities at this wildlife refuge.

Getting to Steve Friedman National Wildlife Refuge:

From San José take the road to Cartago and take the exit for the Cerro de la Muerte, on the Interamerican Highway, until you reach kilometer 60 or so.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – San Isidro de El General – Perez Zeledon which takes about 2 hours, making the stop at Macho Gaf Restaurant (MUSOC, +506 2222-2422 / TRACOPA, +506 2222-26-66). From here you can take taxi to Steve Friedman Wildlife Refuge.

Location: in Cerro de la Muerte, between Los Quetzales and Tapanti National Parks, district: San Isidro, canton: El Guarco, province: Cartago, Costa Rica. Zone postal code: 30802.
Santa Maria de Dota GPS coordinates: 9.653131,-83.969856 (9°39’11.27″N, 83°58’11.48″W)
Size: 19 ha (47 acres)
Altitude: from 2000 up to 3000 meters.
Pacific La Amistad Conservation Area (ACLA-P) Telephoe: +506 2771-4836 / +506 2771-3155
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Empalme, Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Location: 5km (3.7 miles) east of Cartago, on the road to Paraiso, district: Dulce Nombre, canton: Cartago, province: Cartago, Costa Rica. Zone postal code: 30109.
GPS Coordinates: 9.840021,-83.888147 (9°50’24.07″N, 83°53’17.33″W)
Size: 10.7ha (23 acres)
Schedule: from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Lankester Botanical Gardens Park Ranger station telephone: +5062552-3247
Central Volcanic Cordillera Conservation Area (ACCVC) Telephone: +5062268-1587, +506 2268-8091
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Lankester Botanical Gardens Park in Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Lankester Botanical Gardens Park Costa Rica is one of the most attractive places of the southeast of Cartago, where orchids are the main attraction. They were originally the private collection of Charles Lankester, an English biologist who arrived to Costa Rica to work in coffee production. He established the garden in 1917, with the aim of preserving a collection of Central American native species. When he died the gardens were acquired by the North American Orchid Society and the English Stanley Smith Foundation, who, in 1973, passed it on to the University of Costa Rica (UCR), which administers it today. The gardens and forest are famed for their orchids with over 8000 on display, most of which are native to Mesoamerica. But there are also collections of bromeliads, bamboos, Cacti and succulents (plants with the ability to live for a certain period without water and at high temperatures) and a vast number of epiphytes, with around 3000 species of plants, mostly from Costa Rica and other Central American countries.

Particularly attractive are the heliconias, with their brightly colored flowers pollinated by hummingbirds, and similar species such as aves del paraíso, Marantaceae, Musaceae, gingers and Costus. Bromeliads are one of the plant groups that are best adapted to the Garden’s climatic conditions. Most of the members of this family are easily recognized by the arrangement of their leaves into a rosette and their colorful blossoms. There are around 200 native bromeliad species in Costa Rica and many of the trees in the Gardens are frequently covered with Tillandsia genus bromeliads.

With such a wealth of plants and blossoms, Lankester Gardens are highly attractive to birds and butterflies – over 100 species of birds have been recorded and the Gardens have been declared a refuge for migratory birds. The orchid blossoms are at their peak from February to April, but there is plenty to see throughout the year. The plant collections in conservatories come from botanical expeditions, donations and exchanges with botanical institutions throughout the world. Most of the plants with reliable data as to origin have been collected and the associated information is added to the inventory and a database. They are also used as a basis for creating other reference collections such as flowers in liquid, dehydrated tissue for genetic material analysis, seeds, pollinaria, and other uses. The plant collections cultivated in conservatories are an essential resource for the Garden’s researchers and researchers from other institutions that work on joint projects. They also provide useful material for public display and other educational purposes.

The main pathway at the Lankester Botanical Gardens is universally accessible. There are wheelchairs available in the Garden’s reception area. The park also has a Garden Shop where you will find botanical literature, handcrafted goods, plants and souvenirs.

Getting to Lankester Botanical Gardens Park:

From San Jose take the highway to Cartago. Follow the signs to Paraiso de Cartago for about 4 km until you get to the Lankester Botanical Gardens. This distance can be traveled in about 30 minutes by car.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Irazu Volcano,Cartago, which takes about 1 hour (Lumaca S.A., Phone: +506 2537-0347) and then take another bus Cartago – Jardines Lankester which takes about 25 minutes (Coopepar, Phone: +506 2574-6127). Ask the driver where to stop and then walk 800 meters to the entrance.

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Location: 48km (30 miles) east of San Jose, in Cartago province.
GPS Coordinates: 9.978863,-83.835061 (9°58’37.20″N, 83°50’43.64″W)
Size: 2309ha (5705 acres)
Altitude: up to 3432m (11,260ft)
Schedule: from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Irazu Volcano National Park Ranger station Telephone: +506 2551-9398
Central Volcanic Cordillera Conservation Area (ACCVC) Telephone: +506 2268-1587 / +506 2268-8091
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Irazú Volcano National Park in Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

The ascent to the summit of the Irazú Volcano is definitely one of the most popular excursions near Cartago, with an spectacular drive through fields of coffee, potatoes and cabbages, replaced by dairy farms at higher levels. Set in its own national park, the Irazú Volcano rises to 3432m (11,260ft), the highest of the volcanoes around the Central Valley.

The geological history of Irazú Volcano over the past tens of millions of years has been deduced by geologists, but the first written record we have of its volcanic activity only dates back to 1723 when the Spanish Governor of Costa Rica, Diego de la Haya Fernández, chronicled an eruption that began in February of that year. It was a spectacular eruption that threw columns of smoke and ash into the air and sent chunks of incandescent rock rolling down the sides of the volcano, all accompanied by much noise and periodic seismic activity. Since then, there are accounts of a dozen other eruptions, some equally violent, others milder. The last series of events was from 1962 to 1965.

The summit has a complex of four craters, surrounded by swatches of dramatic volcanic ash. On top of Irazú you will find several deep craters in this barren windswept terrain that is reminiscent of a moonscape (like the Turrialba Volcano). Diego de la Haya crater – named after the Spanish governor – has a lake that is pea-green in color, tinted by minerals in the volcanic rock. A large adjacent crater is 300m (1080ft) deep, and another nearby crater is wide and shallow and covered with black volcanic ash, inviting comparisons with the surface of the moon. Irazú has erupted regularly over historical time. In August of 1962, Irazú began belching steam and by early 1963 it was producing such considerable amounts of ash and rock that people living and farming on the upper slopes had to be evacuated. The prevailing easterly winds eventually brought fallout of volcanic ash over much of the Central Valley, including the capital city of San José. It is said that the ash first began to settle on the city the same day in March of 1963 that the former U.S. President, John F. Kennedy, arrived in town to meet with the presidents of Central America and promote his regional economic development plan known as the Alliance for Progress – an ominous portent indeed. For the next two years, ash continued to drift down on the residents of San José and much of the rest of the valley making life very unpleasant and causing eye irritations and respiratory problems for many people. Finally, in March of 1965, this period of volcanic activity subsided and by 1966 a rock plug had solidified and blocked off the vent. Since that the Irazú Volcano has been fairly quiet, apart from its minor eruption in 1994, when some fumaroles activity occurred. Volcanologists speculate that Irazú Volcano has been erupting for over 500 years. It has recently entered a dormant phase to the great relief of farmers and property owners along the slopes.

The landscape of Irazú Volcano National Park is the only place in the Central Volcanic Range system that has Rainforest and Sub-Alpine Paramo – wind-swept, treeless plains situated from 10,827 to 13,124 feet. The vegetation around the peak is predictably stunted, with blackened dwarf oaks, ferns, lichens, cedar trees, interspersed with poor man’s umbrella plants and patches of scrubby grass add to the area’s otherworldly feel. Upon nearing the summit the destructive forces of volcanism begin to become more noticeable with the presence of scorched dead tree trunks that are still standing. The high elevation itself, being just above the tree line at this latitude, keeps the vegetation from growing very tall, but the periodic devastating effects of eruptions help to keep plant life rather sparse. In such an environment, wildlife is obviously scarce, but a few birds – the aptly named Volcano Junco, the Volcano Hummingbird, the Sooty Robin and Woodpeckers – manage to survive. You can also find coyotes, rabbits, weasels and armadillos

There is a ranger station 2km (1.25 miles) below the summit which has a restaurant with restrooms, a gift shop at the top in the parking area, a picnic site with tables, toilets and a mobile café, plus a small visitor’s center. Two trails lead from the car park to the summit. Good visibility is essential for a visit to Irazú Volcano, but don’t be deterred by an apparent shroud of fog – the summit is often above the clouds and bathed in splendid sunshine. On a clear day the views can be staggering and it is sometimes possible to see both the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. But don’t be fooled by the fact that Costa Rica is a tropical country; even here its cold at 3,400 meters with an average temperature on the summit of 7°C (45°F), overnight lows below freezing, so warm clothing is advisable. The wind chill on the summit can add to the sensation, too, so bring along several layers to assure comfort. The top of Irazú Volcano receives relatively little precipitation, with an annual average rainfall of just over two meters. The driest months are from December to April. The best time to view the craters is early in the morning, as cloud cover usually thickens after 10 a.m. Visitors during the dry season (December- April) are more likely to get clear views. A visit here is strictly a day trip, as there is no place to stay inside the park and camping is forbidden, but alternatively, visitors can book a full-day combo excursion that includes visits to Irazú, Lankester Botanical Gardens and the Orosi Valley.

Getting to Irazu Volcano National Park:

From San Jose, take the Pan-American Highway south to Cartago. Follow signs to the Irazu Volcano. There is a paved road that leads through the mountains and continues to the park where a small information center is located.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Irazu Volcano, which takes about 1.5 hours (Buses Metrópoli, +506 2530-1064).

Location: 71km (44 miles) east of San Jose in Cartago province.
GPS Coordinates: 10.004100,-83.779464 (10°0’14.76″N, 83°46’46.07″W)
Size: 1257ha (4124 acres)
Altitude: up to 3328m (10,919ft)
Turrialba Volcano National Park Telephone: +506 2534-1079 / +506 2538-6060
Central Volcanic Cordillera Conservation Area (ACCVC) Telephone: +506 2268-1587 / +506 2268-8091
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO La Pastora, Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Turrialba Volcano National Park Costa Rica is located in the Central Volcanic Conservation Area of Costa Rica that encompasses the area around the Turrialba Volcano in Cartago Province, around 40 miles East of San Jose. Is one of the least visited parks in Costa Rica in spite of the volcano still being active and that last major eruptions were between 1864 and 1868. Turrialba Volcano ruled the valley quietly until, in 2001, it again showed signs of gentle activity. Of its three craters, the central one is the deepest and most active – which measures a massive 164 feet in diameter – presenting two conic structures with sulfuric steam, vapors and fumaroles. In December 2007, the volcano erupted again, spewing gas, vapor and white ash down its mountainside. No animals, crops or humans were hurt during the eruption, but access to the national park was immediately restricted, and scientists descended upon the again-active Turrialba Volcano for research purposes, proving the volcano remained safe for exploration. Though the volcano’s flanks are painted with greenery and dripping with moisture, Turrialba’s summit is best compared to the moon’s cratered rocky landscape. Take note that temperatures fall as altitude increases; the top of the volcano averages a chilly 59°F, and temperatures often dip much lower. Its peak sits at 3328m (10,919ft) above sea level and shares its foundation in 1955 with Irazú Volcano – that’s why they are often called “twin volcanoes” – and protects a 4 km diameter around the volcano. Turrialba is a large, densely forested volcano, but in January of 2009, some acid rain killed a lot of vegetation around the volcano. Three well-defined craters lie in the upper section of a broad summit depression.

It gets its name from early Spanish settlers as Torre Alba or Torre Blanca; its name was changed to Turrialba later. The reason of its name is the observed plumes of smoke pouring from its top. The Turrialba Volcano is the second tallest volcano in Costa Rica after the Irazú. There are three recognizable craters and a number of hiking trails in the park and once on the crater rim there are superb 360° views. The upper slopes are clothed with premontane forest, with rainforest lower down full of ferns, bamboos, orquids and bromeliads. There is a wide variety of wildlife with more than 84 bird species, 11 species of mammals and other wildlife. There is no ranger station, but the Turrialba Volcano Lodge, just outside of the park, offers organized tours. Although it has relatively easy access, the summit can only be reached by foot.

The Turrialba Volcano National Park offers some wonderful exploration opportunities for the adventurous traveler, presents some wonderful summit scenic views, of the lush surrounding landscape including the Poás, Irazú and Barva Volcanoes in the distance. Definitely worth a visit, it is unfortunate that the park is not well developed like its other counterparts.

Getting to Turrialba Volcano National Park:

From San José take the highway toward Cartago and Irazú Volcano. Take the exit toward Pacayas and continue until La Pastora. The road makes a double left, and you can continue until you reach the cafe Danza con Nubes, where you will be able to park.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Turrialba, which takes about 2 hours (Transtusa, +506 2556-4233). From here you can rent a car take a taxi to Turrialba Volcano National Park, which takes about 20 minutes.

Location: 18km (11 miles) northeast of Turrialba town in Cartago, Costa Rica
GPS Coordinates: 9.970467,-83.690146 (9°58’13.68″N, 83°41’24.52″W)
Size: 232ha (573 acres)
Altitude: from 1200m (3937ft) rising to 1300m (4265ft)
Schedule: from 8:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.
Guayabo National Monument Telephone: +506 2559-1220 / +506 2559-0117
Central Volcanic Cordillera Conservation Area (ACCVC) Telephone: +506 2551-9398 / +506 2268-8091
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Guayabo National Monument Costa Rica is the most important and largest archaeological area so far discovered. Although Guayabo cannot be compared with some Aztec and Maya sites further north in Central America, it is nevertheless of great importance as it gives a fascinating insight into the way of life of the people who lived here 2500 years ago, in pre-Colombian times.

Guayabo is part of the cultural region known as the Central Intermontane and Atlantic Basin, which is located in the premontane rain forest life zone, and as such has mild temperatures and abundant rain fall. The site was discovered in the late 1800’s, most probably by colonists who were clearing the land for coffee plantations, and in 1882 the first excavations took place under the guidance of Anastasio Alfaro, who was director of the National Museum at that time. Following those initial digs, many years passed until in 1968 Carlos Aguilar, working through the University of Costa Rica, established a program of permanent excavations on the site. Much of what is known today about Guayabo is owed to the efforts of Aguilar and his colleagues. Realizing its importance, the government made Guayabo a protected site on August 13th, 1973, when 65ha were preserved due to their archeological significance. In 1980, another executive decree enlarged the site to its present 217ha, mainly to protect areas of forested habitat along the Guayabo River canyon.

Although there is evidence that people may have inhabited in the area since as much as 2,500 years ago, it was only during a 500 year period from 1200 to 700 years ago that Guayabo reached its summit both culturally and politically. Based on the geographic position of the site, in the mountains between the Atlantic coast and the Central Valley, and the excellent quality of the craftsmanship found in excavated pieces of ceramics, stone, and gold, it is thought that this chieftainship was one of power and privilege. However, for unknown reasons, prior to the beginning of the Spanish Conquest in the New World, this once thriving indigenous settlement slid into decline and finally abandonment.

The main problem at Guayabo National Monument is a shortage of funds and as the initial US grant has dwindled away, the future looks bleak. The site covers some 20ha (50 acres), of which only about one tenth has been excavated. In fact, archeologists estimate that half of the village area still awaits excavation. The excavations have revealed paved roads, bridges, houses, temple foundations, retaining walls, mounds used as bases for dwellings, open and closed aqueducts -many of which are still operative- tanks for storing water from the aqueducts and burial sites. Guayabo held a prominent political and religious position, and in the surrounding area there were villages holding an estimated population of around 1,500 to 2,000 people. What has emerged is a township that may have supported as many as 10,000 people up to around AD1400, after which the site was abandoned. The reason why it was abandoned is not clear yet. It could have been an epidemic or perhaps a war with a neighboring tribe. The site appears to have been populated from the year 1000 B.C. although the local chiefdom developed most around 300 to 700 A.D. when the stone structures that can be seen today were built. It appears to have been abandoned around the year 1400 A.D.

It is clear that the inhabitants were skillful in water management, having built aqueducts (some still functioning) and water storage tanks. They were also able to bring large stones from distance, some of which bear petroglyphs and monoliths – which was the objects that catch most of the visitors’ attention –showing an Alligator and a Jaguar, suggesting a primitive form of written language. The latter are everywhere and some have as yet undeciphered symbols. The more valuable gold and ceramic artifacts with other archaeological pieces found on the site are now in the National Museum in San Jose.

The areas near the archaeological site show secondary vegetation, product of a former wood extraction operation. In the Guayabo River Canyon near the protected area, is an example of the high evergreen forests typical of the region, with trees like the elm (Ulmus mexicana) and the manni (Symphonia globulifera). Nevertheless, there is little animal life due to the small area covered.

The fact that surrounding land is protected has fortunately meant that sizeable chunk of pre-montane forest has survived on the site, supporting a rich and varied bird life. In fact, the colonial nests of Montezuma Oropendola (Psarocolius montezuma), are common, as well as hummingbirds such as the Crowned Woodnymph and Rofus-crested Coquette have been seen, along with the Green Honeycreeper, the Collared Aricari of the toucan family and billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus). Other wildlife includes the Nine-banded Armadillo and Blue Morpho butterfly, the White-nosed coatis (Nasua narica), the margay (Leopardus wiedii), Central American Coral Snake and there is a good variety of orchids.

The protected area is the only remaining pre-Columbian settlement in the country. Though significantly smaller than similar remains in Latin America, the Guayabo Monument National Park is a fascinating place to visit. In fact, currently some 20,000 tourists visit the park annually to witness the still functioning aqueducts that supplied the whole village with water. A large portion of its cobblestone roads remain intact and reveal the intricate layout of the village that dates back to the year 1,400 B.C.

The park recently received the International Engineering World Heritage Award thanks to its aqueduct system as well as road system. Turrialba hotels are normally in the Bed & Breakfast category and are conveniently located near the park. Other areas of interest near Guayabo include the Turrialba Volcano, white water rafting on the Pacuare River and coffee tours among others.

There is a ranger station with an exhibition full of pre-Colombian artifacts found on the site, which is 50 m in before the park entrance; this is the start of a trail that goes down to the Guayabo River. In the Monument there is an archaeological research station, an exhibition room, a viewing point from which the whole archaeological area can be seen and a picnic area with tables, camping area, toilets and drinking water. There is a bus service between Turrialba and Colonia Guayabo, a town located 2 km before the park. In Turrialba there are hotels, restaurants and markets, and taxis can be hired.

Getting to Guayabo National Monument:

Take the road East from San José to Cartago and take the exit following the signs to Guayabo National Monument and Turrialba Volcano National Park on Route No.230, passing through the villages of Cot, Pacayas, Capellades and La Pastora to Santa Cruz. In Santa Cruz turn left always following the signs and continue for about 10 km (6 miles )until you reach the Guayabo National Monument.

Another option, which is slightly longer and with more curves, is taking the road from San José to Cartago and taking the exit to Paraiso on Route No.10 until you reach Turrialba. From the city of Turrialba, continue for about 18 ​​km (11 miles), following the signs to the Guayabo National Monument.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Turrialba, (Transtusa, +506 2556-4233 / +506 2222-4464) which takes about 1.5 hours, and then take another bus with the route Turrialba – Guayabo (Transportes Rivera, +506 2556-0362) which takes about 1 hour.

Location: 1.6 km east from Pejibaye, about a 30 minute drive from Turrialba, district: Pejibaye, canton: Jimenez, province: Cartago, Costa Rica. Zone postal code: 30403.
GPS Coordinates: 9.7830802, -83.6887918 (9°46’59.09″N, 83°41’19.65″W)
Size: 1,500 ha (3,200 acres)
Altitude: from 750 m to 1.950 m (6,400′) above sea level
Schedule: from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.
La Marta Wildlife Refuge Phone: +506 8913-8691
UMCA Phone: +506 2542-0350 / +506 2542-0300 ext. 507
Central Volcanic Cordillera Conservation Area (ACCVC) Telephone: +506 2268-1587 / +506 2268-8091
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192
Website: www.lamarta.org

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Pejibaye, Cartago, Costa Rica.

La Marta Wildlife Refuge Costa Rica was created on October 25th, 1993, in order to protect the river basins of La Marta, Gato and Atirro just northwest of the Rio Macho Forest Reserve, near Pejibaye town in Cartago. With an average annual temperature between 20ºC and 30ºC (65ºF and 85ºF) and rainfall of 180 inches, the reserve has a very abrupt mountainous topography with lots of rivers, waterfalls, caves and primary forests, and it’s elevation ranges from 750 to 1,950 meters above sea level.

La Marta National Wildlife Refuge is one of the major fronts of contention in the progress of agricultural settlement on the western slopes of the Talamanca Mountain Range, and is the gateway to the Tapanti and La Amistad National Parks, it was designated by UNESCO as a Natural Heritage site of Humanity, in 1983, due to its rich biodiversity.

Historically, La Marta began as an important agricultural development center in the 1800s, where the infrastructure to grow and process coffee and sugarcane, a small sawmill, dairy and hydroelectric plant, can still be seen near the park’s entrance.

During the late 1920s, the site was abandoned by the owners, which caused a migration of inhabitants and workers to settle in Pejibaye town. For the next 60 years, the forest regenerated. During the 1980s, squatters moved in and destroyed portions of the forest for housing and the cultivation of banana, coffee, and cattle. By 1991, the squatters were expelled and Latin American University of Science and Technology (ULACIT) was responsible for defining the area as a protected site, a wildlife refuge where visitors are welcome to walk and explore the many available trails in La Marta.

La Marta National Wildlife Refuge is also characterized by its rich flora, due to its abundance of epiphytes, mosses, lichens, orchids, bromeliads, with several layers of forests with palms and timber species such as Terminalias, Cedrela tubiflora, Licanias Arborea.

Today, La Marta is a wildlife refuge managed by the Universidad Metropolitana Castro Carazo (UMCA), which has a research station where scientists and students in the fields of biology, history, land forestry, and traditional medicine live and work.

At La Marta National Wildlife Refuge visitors will find many and varied attractions, to enjoy in a healthy and different way the wonders of the rainforest. The refuge has indoor areas for camping and a lodge. Other nearby Costa Rica Parks includes Rio Macho and Rio Pacuare Forest Reserves, Tapanti National Park and La Amistad International Park.

Getting to La Marta National Wildlife Refuge:

From San Jose take the highway to Cartago. Then take the road to Paraiso and Cervantes. Just before Juan Viñas, take the exit to Pejibaye. From there are another 1.6 km to the east on the main road to the Olas River intersection.

BY BUS

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Cartago, which takes about 1 hour (Lumaca, +506 2537- 2320 / +506 2537-0347) and then you have to take another bus Cartago – Pejibaye – El Humo, making the stop at Pejibaye downtown (Coopepar R.L, +506 2574-6127). From here you can take a taxi to La Marta Wildlife Refuge, which is about 10 minutes.

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Main entrance location: 27km (16 miles) southeast of Cartago, Tapanti, district: Orosi, canton: Paraiso, province: Cartago. Zone postal code: 30203.
Rio Macho GPS Coordinates: 9.783258,-83.844753 (9°46’59.73″N, 83°50’41.11″O)
Size: 6080ha (15,023 acres)
Altitude: from 1220m (4000ft) rising to 2560m (8,400ft)
Schedule: the ranger station at Tapanti is open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Tapanti National Park Telephone: +506 2206-5615
Pacific La Amistad Conservation Area (ACLA-P) Telephone: +506 2771-4836 / +506 2771-3155
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Tapantí National Park in Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Tapantí National Park Costa Rica also called Orosi National Park, is located in the Pacific La Amistad Conservation Area of Costa Rica, on the edge of the Talamanca mountain range, tucked away to the south of the Orosi Valley and north of Cerro de la Muerte, near Cartago. It protects the watershed’s forest, the forests to the north of Chirripó National Park and also part of the Orosi River.

Costa Rica has a tremendous potential for hydroelectric power production because of the combination of its topography and numerous areas of high annual rainfall, which in fact is the source of more than 90% of the country’s electricity. The upper Orosi River watershed is located in one of the rainiest parts of the country, receiving as much as 7m (330in) of rain per year. Given the relatively close proximity to the Central Valley it was only normal that the Costa Rican Electrical Institute (I.C.E.) should decide to develop a hydroelectric project in this forested region. And to be able to do so, meant first constructing a road into this previously inaccessible area. That’s why in 1982, in addition to protecting the watershed’s forest cover and preserving its wildlife from the destruction that would accompany colonization beside the new road, Tapantí was created as a National Wildlife Refuge, and in 1994 it gained the National Park status.

The park is crossed by the Rio Grande de Orosi, with nearly 150 rivers with fast-flowing streams and creeks joining the main river. Tapantí has two life zones – lower montane rainforest (lower mountain slopes) and premontane rainforest (lowlands skirting the lower slopes). This region of excessively damp climate, which ranges from hot to cool with average temperatures between 12°C and 19°C, provides shelter to innumerable forms of life.

Although originally created as a National Wildlife Refuge, Tapantí National Park is not an easy place to see mammals, even though many species inhabit the area. Observation of birds, butterflies and plant life will surely prove to be more rewarding. Birds are more obvious and over 260 species have been recorded, including the Resplendent Quetzal, Three-striped Warbler, the Common Bush-Tanager, goldfinch, sparrow hawks, toucans, doves, falcons, hawks, hummingbirds, parrots, etc. From the ranger’s cabin, a quetzal nesting site can be seen. Others include both types of oropendolas, various woodpeckers and rarities such as Spotted Woodcreeper, Spangle-cheeked Tanager, the gaudy Redheaded Barbet, Spangledcheeked Tanager and Spotted Barbtail. Numerous varieties of hummingbird can be seen feeding on the flowering epiphytes.

The forest areas are characterized for their abundance of the epiphytes (plants growing on the trunks and branches of trees) found in this humid environment, with particularly abundant orchids at any time of year, these will provide the plant enthusiast with endless surprises. You can also see tree ferns, winter bark’s tree, weetwood, lancewood, poro, oaks, magnolia, ira, poor man’s umbrella, Gunnera, “lluvia de oro” (golden tear), Panama tree, cafecillo, lichens, lianas, palms, bamboo stands, bromeliads and mosses – which grow above 1,500 meters – to complete the biomass. In such a steep and rainy environment, the trees do not need to have deep roots to get water. As a result, they are easy victims of landslides and tremors, which are frequent in this river basin. If trees do not have deep roots, they cannot support thick branches and large crowns and therefore these forests are only of medium height.

Many mammals inhabit the park although, as usual, they are difficult to spot. Amongst the 45 species are Baird’s Tapir, river otters, brocket deers, band-tailed pigeons, pacas, eastern cottontail, kinkajous, raccoons, mountain hare, agouties, jaguars, tiger cats, ocelots, jaguarundi, howler monkeys, white-nosed coaties, collared peccaries, tamanduas, three-toed Sloths, Silky Anteaters. There are over 20 species of reptiles in the park like basilisks, lizards and snakes, and over 28 species of amphibians, including toads, frogs and salamanders. The park is also home to a large variety of insects, many of which have never been properly registered. Keep your eyes open, because you might catch a glimpse of the thysania agripina, the largest butterfly found on the American continent.

The best time to visit is from February to the end of April. When visiting Tapantí, remember that mornings are pleasant and sunny, but soon clouds arrive and by midday the rain comes, so rainy-weather gear is advisable; a sweater or jacket will also be useful when the temperatures start to drop once the sun goes behind clouds. A number of well-marked trails start at the ranger station, which also has a small nature display and gift shop. The Oropendula and Pantanoso trails lead to a swimming area with picnic tables and grills, while La Parva trail takes you to a couple of waterfalls, the Salto and Palmitas. There is also the “Arboles Caidos Trail” which is a heavily forested nature hike. The La Esperanza de El Guarco Biological Station, operated by InBio is in Tapantí National Park. It has lodging for up to 15 people with water, restrooms, showers and electricity.

Getting to Tapanti National Park:

Take the road from San Jose to Cartago. Continue to Paraiso, Orosi and Rio Macho until you get to Tapanti. The road is passable all year round and is suitable for all types of vehicle.

To reach the La Esperanza station, take the road from San Jose to Cartago, and then take the exit for the Cerro de la Muerte, until you get to Tapanti National Park. This sector is not always open, so calling previously is recommended.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Cartago, which takes about 1.5 hours (Lumaca S.A., +506 2537-0347) and then take another bus Cartago – Orosi – Río Macho, which takes about 1 hour (Auto Transportes Mata, +506 2533-1916). From here you can take a taxi to Tapanti National Park, which takes about 10 minutes.

You can also take a bus from the route San Jose – San Isidro de El General – Perez Zeledon which takes about 2 hours, making the stop at Macho Gaf Restaurant (MUSOC, +506 2222-2422 / TRACOPA, +506 2222-26-66). From here you can take a taxi to Tapanti National Park. We recommend buying the ticket a day earlier to be sure your seat is saved.

Haga click en el siguiente enlace para leer está página en Español: Reserva Forestal Río Pacuare Costa Rica

Location:

32km (20 miles) from Siquirres or 35km (22 miles) from Turrialba in Cartago, Costa Rica.
Linda Vista GPS Coordinates: 10.025942,-83.556594 (10°01’33.39″N, 83°33’23.74″W)
Size: 13,178 hectares (32,550 acres)

Telephone:

Caribbean La Amistad Conservation Area (ACLA-C) +506 2795-1446
INFOTUR Tourist Information: 1192

Address map: Click here to view directions from Juan Santamaria International Airport (SJO), Alajuela, Costa Rica TO Pavones, Cartago, Costa Rica at Google Maps

Pacuare River Forest Reserve Costa Rica was created on December 26, 1985, in order to protect forests and river basins of the Talamanca Mountain Range on the Caribbean slopes.

The Pacuare River is considered one of the top five rafting rivers in the world for its scenery and rapids, considered one of the best whitewater throughout Central America. Its waterfalls, magnificent forests and wildlife make this trip an ideal combination to meet the tropical rainforest of Costa Rica, which was named “one of the most beautiful rivers in the world” by National Geographic. Located on the Atlantic slope, the Pacuare River borders the Talamanca mountain range, home to native Cabécar and unique wildlife in the world.

Rio Pacuare Forest Reserve is a virgin forest that is far better known for the river that bears its name than for the forest part, since it is the most popular river for Whitewater rafters and kayakers enthusiasts from all over the world in Costa Rica, with spectacular 20 miles of rapids class III, IV, and sometimes even class V, where there are sections of the river dropping 100’ per mile

The Pacuare River is a tropical river, which offers over its course, magnificent scenery and several ravines with dense vegetation, with an average temperature of 25°C (70°F) and high humidity, where you might jaguars, ocelots, sloths, monkeys and an incredible variety of birds, butterflies and reptiles.

There are no public facilities at the Rio Pacuare national forest reserve, however, there are several companies that arrange tours to this area. Other nearby Costa Rica park include the Barbilla National Park and the Turrialba Volcano National Park.

Getting to Pacuare River Forest Reserve:

From San Jose take the Guapiles-Limon road (nr. 32), passing through the Zurqui bridge and the Braulio Carrillo mountains. It is likely that you will encounter fog and rain. Please drive with your lights on. After the mountains the road to Limon is practically straight with no hills. Take the Siquirres turn-off. After turning off the highway, follow a rough dirt road until you get to Pacuare River Forest Reserve. A 4 wheel drive is recommended. The reserve has very few services, with limited navigational road signs, and it is advised to bring a local guide with you.

Please note that if you have not left San Jose by 2 pm you will be driving part of the way at night. We do not recommend this for first time travelers driving in Costa Rica. Roads do not have lines, and rain can be bad and there are potholes and people walking/cycling that you can not see very well.

By bus

Take a bus from the route San Jose – Siquirres, which takes about 1.5 hours (Transportes Caribeños, +506 2222-0610 / +506 2221-7990 / +506 2768-9484). From here you can rent a car and drive or take taxi to Pacuare River Forest Reserve, which is about 20 minutes.

By plane:

You can also take a flight from the Juan Santamaria Airport to the Siquirres or Barra del Parismina airports, either with Sansa, TravelAir or Aerobell Airlines, both with daily flights. From here you can rent a car and drive or take taxi to Pacuare River Forest Reserve, which is about 15 minutes.